{"id":18741,"date":"2026-10-16T18:29:09","date_gmt":"2026-10-16T12:59:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.jrfadda.com\/exams\/?p=18741"},"modified":"2026-10-16T18:29:09","modified_gmt":"2026-10-16T12:59:09","slug":"ugc-net-paper-1-logical-reasoning-complete-notes-important-topics-pyqs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.jrfadda.com\/exams\/paper-1\/ugc-net-paper-1-logical-reasoning-complete-notes-important-topics-pyqs\/","title":{"rendered":"UGC NET Paper 1 Logical Reasoning: Complete Notes, Important Topics &amp; PYQs"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><b>UGC NET Paper 1 Logical Reasoning<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> is an important topic in UGC NET Paper 1. It tests a candidate\u2019s ability to understand statements, identify relationships, evaluate arguments, recognise patterns and reach logical conclusions.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Logical Reasoning questions require clear thinking and careful analysis. Candidates can improve their performance through regular practice of concepts, previous year questions (PYQs) and mock tests.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">This article provides <\/span><b>complete UGC NET Logical Reasoning notes<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, important topics, key concepts, PYQs, preparation tips and quick revision points for UGC NET Paper 1.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a style=\"display: inline-block;background: #e53935;color: #fff;padding: 12px 28px;border-radius: 6px;text-decoration: none;font-weight: bold\" href=\"https:\/\/www.jrfadda.com\/courses\/ugc-net\">Join UGC NET Online Course \u2013 Click Here<\/a><\/p>\n<h2><b>UGC NET Logical Reasoning<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Logical Reasoning focuses on the ability to analyse information and arrive at a valid conclusion. Questions may be based on statements, arguments, assumptions, relationships, reasoning patterns and logical structures. Candidates should understand the basic rules of reasoning and practise different question types.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Important areas include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Arguments<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Statements and conclusions<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Statements and assumptions<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Deductive reasoning<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Inductive reasoning<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Analogy<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Classification<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Series<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Categorical propositions<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Logical fallacies<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Venn diagrams<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Syllogism<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Logical relationships<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cause and effect<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Inference and conclusion<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">Click Here\u00a0 &#8211;\u00a0 <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jrfadda.com\/ugc-net-coaching-in-jaipur\">Best UGC NET Coaching in Jaipur and Offline Classes Mock Tests<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><b>UGC NET Logical Reasoning Syllabus<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Logical Reasoning section requires candidates to understand different forms of reasoning and apply logical principles to given statements and situations.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Important areas for preparation include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Understanding arguments<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Structure of arguments<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Deductive and inductive reasoning<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Analogy<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Classification<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Logical statements<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Categorical propositions<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Syllogism<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Venn diagrams<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Logical fallacies<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Statements and assumptions<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Statements and conclusions<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Inference<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cause and effect<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Logical relationships<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Reasoning-based problems<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><iframe title=\"UGC NET Paper 1 Logical Reasoning | All Logics and Tricks in ONE VIDEO | Aditi Mam\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/_RIZY-fRfVM?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h2><b>Important Logical Reasoning Topics for UGC NET<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Below are some important topics for Logical Reasoning subject:<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>1. Arguments<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">An argument consists of one or more statements that provide support for a conclusion. An argument generally has two important parts:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Premises:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Statements that provide evidence or reasons.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Conclusion:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Statement that follows from the premises.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><b>Example<\/b><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Statement 1:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> All researchers should follow research ethics.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Statement 2:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Ravi is a researcher.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Conclusion:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Ravi should follow research ethics.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The first two statements act as premises, while the final statement is the conclusion.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>2. Deductive Reasoning<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Deductive reasoning moves from a general statement or rule to a specific conclusion.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b>Example<\/b><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">All humans are mortal.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ravi is a human.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Therefore, Ravi is mortal.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The conclusion follows from the given premises.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><b>Key Feature<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><b>General \u2192 Specific<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Deductive reasoning focuses on whether the conclusion logically follows from the given premises.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>3. Inductive Reasoning<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Inductive reasoning moves from specific observations to a general conclusion.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b>Example<\/b><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A researcher observes that several students perform better after regular practice.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Based on these observations, the researcher may conclude that regular practice improves student performance.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><b>Key Feature<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><b>Specific \u2192 General<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The conclusion in inductive reasoning is usually based on observations or evidence and may not be certain.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b>Deductive vs Inductive Reasoning<\/b><\/h4>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Deductive Reasoning<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Inductive Reasoning<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">General to specific<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Specific to general<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Based on rules or premises<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Based on observations<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Conclusion follows logically from premises<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Conclusion is based on probability<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">If premises are true and reasoning is valid, conclusion is certain<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Conclusion may not be certain<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3><b>4. Analogy<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Analogy identifies a relationship between two things and applies a similar relationship to another pair.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b>Example<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><b>Teacher : School :: Doctor : ?<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A teacher works in a school.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Similarly, a doctor works in a <\/span><b>hospital<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Therefore, the answer is <\/span><b>Hospital<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Questions may be based on:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Words<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Numbers<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Objects<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Relationships<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Functions<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>5. Classification<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Classification questions require candidates to identify the item that does not belong to a particular group.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b>Example<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><b>Apple, Mango, Banana, Potato<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Apple, mango and banana are fruits, while potato is a vegetable.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Therefore, <\/span><b>potato<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> is the odd one out.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The classification may be based on:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Meaning<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Category<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Number<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Function<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Relationship<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Properties<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>6. Statements and Conclusions<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">In these questions, candidates are given one or more statements followed by conclusions. The task is to determine whether the conclusion logically follows from the statements.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b>Example<\/b><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Statement:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> All teachers are educated.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Conclusion:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Some educated people are teachers.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The conclusion follows from the statement.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Candidates should not use outside information while solving such questions. The answer should be based only on the information provided.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>7. Statements and Assumptions<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">An assumption is an idea that is taken for granted in a statement or argument.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b>Example<\/b><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Statement:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> The university should introduce more online courses to help working students.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Possible assumption:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Working students may find online courses more convenient.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The assumption provides the underlying idea behind the statement.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><b>How to Identify an Assumption<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ask:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Is the idea necessary for the statement?<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Does the statement depend on this idea?<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Is it directly or indirectly taken for granted?<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>8. Inference<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Inference is a conclusion that can reasonably be drawn from given information. An inference should be supported by the information provided in the question.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b>Important Point<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Do not add personal knowledge or assumptions while answering inference-based questions.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>9. Syllogism<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Syllogism is a form of deductive reasoning involving premises and a conclusion.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A common syllogism has:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Major premise<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Minor premise<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Conclusion<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><b>Example<\/b><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">All teachers are educated.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Some researchers are teachers.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Therefore, some researchers are educated.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The conclusion is derived from the given premises.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><b>Important Terms<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Candidates should understand how these statements interact.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">All<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Some<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">No<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Some&#8230;not<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>10. Categorical Propositions<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Categorical propositions express relationships between categories or classes.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The four basic forms are:<\/span><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Type<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Form<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Meaning<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">All S are P<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Universal affirmative<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">E<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">No S are P<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Universal negative<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">I<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Some S are P<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Particular affirmative<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">O<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Some S are not P<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Particular negative<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">These forms are important for solving syllogism and logical reasoning questions.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>11. Venn Diagrams<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Venn diagrams are useful for understanding relationships between groups or categories.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">They can be used to represent:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Inclusion<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Exclusion<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Overlap<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Common elements<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Relationships between categories<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><b>Example<\/b><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">If all teachers are educated people, the group of <\/span><b>Teachers<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> can be shown inside the larger group of <\/span><b>Educated People<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Venn diagrams can make syllogism questions easier to understand.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>12. Logical Fallacies<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A logical fallacy is an error in reasoning.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Some common fallacies include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Hasty generalisation<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ad hominem<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Appeal to authority<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">False cause<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Straw man<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Circular reasoning<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">False dilemma<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><b>Hasty Generalisation<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A conclusion is made based on insufficient evidence.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b>Ad Hominem<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The person making an argument is attacked instead of addressing the argument.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b>False Cause<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A causal relationship is assumed without sufficient evidence.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Candidates should understand the basic meaning of common fallacies and identify them in arguments.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>13. Cause and Effect<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cause and effect questions examine the relationship between two events.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Cause:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> An event or condition that produces an effect.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Effect:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> The result of an event or condition.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><b>Example<\/b><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Cause:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Heavy rainfall continues for several days.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Effect:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Water levels in rivers may increase.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Candidates should carefully analyse whether one event can logically produce the other.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>14. Series<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Logical reasoning can include numerical, alphabetical or pattern-based series.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b>Example<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><b>2, 4, 6, 8, 10, ?<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The pattern is +2.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Answer: <\/span><b>12<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Other common patterns include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Addition<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Subtraction<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Multiplication<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Division<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Squares<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cubes<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Alternating patterns<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>15. Logical Relationships<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Candidates should identify the exact relationship before selecting an answer. Questions may test relationships between:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Individuals<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Groups<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Categories<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Events<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Statements<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Concepts<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Important Concepts in UGC NET Logical Reasoning<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Below are some important concepts mentioned:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Premise: A statement that provides a reason or evidence for a conclusion.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Conclusion: A statement that is derived from the premises.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Assumption: An unstated idea that supports an argument.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Inference: A conclusion drawn from available information.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Argument: A set of statements involving premises and a conclusion.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Validity: An argument is valid when its conclusion follows logically from its premises.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Soundness: An argument is sound when it is valid and its premises are true.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>UGC NET Logical Reasoning: Validity and Soundness<\/b><\/h3>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Concept<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Meaning<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Valid Argument<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Conclusion logically follows from premises<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sound Argument<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Argument is valid and premises are true<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Invalid Argument<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Conclusion does not logically follow from premises<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Unsound Argument<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Argument is not sound because it is invalid or has false premise(s)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><b>UGC NET Logical Reasoning Important Topics<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">For quick preparation, candidates should give priority to:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Deductive reasoning<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Inductive reasoning<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Arguments<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Premises and conclusions<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Statements and assumptions<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Statements and conclusions<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Syllogism<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Categorical propositions<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Venn diagrams<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Logical fallacies<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Analogy<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Classification<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Series<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Inference<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cause and effect<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><b>UGC NET Logical Reasoning PYQs<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Previous year questions will give candidates an idea about the pattern and standard of the logical reasoning questions in the UGC NET exam paper. The candidates must practice PYQs on:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Arguments<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Syllogism<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Statements and conclusions<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Statements and assumptions<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Deductive reasoning<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Inductive reasoning<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Analogy<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Classification<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Venn diagrams<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Logical fallacies<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>PYQ 1<\/b><\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li><b> All teachers are educated. Some researchers are teachers. What can be concluded?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><b>Answer:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Some researchers are educated.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Explanation:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> The second statement places some researchers in the group of teachers. Since all teachers are educated, those researchers are also educated.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><a href=\"https:\/\/play.google.com\/store\/apps\/details?id=com.govtjobs.alertapp&amp;utm_source=blog&amp;utm_medium=website&amp;utm_campaign=app_download\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-14807 \" src=\"https:\/\/www.jrfadda.com\/exams\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/JRF-Adda-in-your-pocket-app-28.webp\" alt=\"App JRF Adda\" width=\"989\" height=\"329\" \/><\/a><\/h2>\n<h3><b>PYQ 2<\/b><\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li><b> Which type of reasoning moves from general principles to a specific conclusion?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><b>Answer:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Deductive reasoning.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Explanation:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Deductive reasoning starts with a general rule or principle and applies it to a specific case.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>PYQ 3<\/b><\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li><b> What is an assumption in an argument?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><b>Answer:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> An unstated idea on which the argument depends.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Explanation:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> An assumption is not directly stated but is taken for granted in the argument.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>PYQ 4<\/b><\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li><b> Which of the following represents a universal negative proposition?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><b>Answer:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> No S are P.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Explanation:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> A universal negative proposition states that no member of one category belongs to another category.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>How to Prepare Logical Reasoning for UGC NET<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Check below points how to prepare logical reasoning topics:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><b> Understand the Basic Concepts: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Begin with the basics of reasoning. Understand the difference between premises, conclusions, assumptions, and inferences.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b> Learn the Rules of Syllogism: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">It becomes easy to solve syllogisms if one knows the basic rules and the propositions involved in them. Use Venn diagrams wherever necessary.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b> Practise Different Question Types: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Do not limit your practice to just one type of question. Include practice on:<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Arguments<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Syllogism<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Analogy<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Classification<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Series<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Assumptions<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Conclusions<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Inferences<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Fallacies<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li><b> Solve Previous Year Questions: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">PYQs help you understand the type of questions asked and identify frequently tested concepts.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b> Practise Without Guesswork: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Read every statement carefully. Do not add information that is not given in the question.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b> Improve Speed: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Solve questions with a timer. Once your concepts are clear, focus on solving easy questions quickly.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b> Analyse Your Mistakes:<\/b> <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">After every practice session, identify why you made a mistake:<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Concept not clear<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Question misunderstood<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Logical error<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Wrong option selection<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Careless reading<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><a href=\"https:\/\/share.google\/jZaAXvtuHVuhrOHeu\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-18348\" src=\"https:\/\/www.jrfadda.com\/exams\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Reviews-For-Blogs-updated-2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.jrfadda.com\/exams\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Reviews-For-Blogs-updated-2.png 1600w, https:\/\/www.jrfadda.com\/exams\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Reviews-For-Blogs-updated-2-300x56.png 300w, https:\/\/www.jrfadda.com\/exams\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Reviews-For-Blogs-updated-2-1024x192.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.jrfadda.com\/exams\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Reviews-For-Blogs-updated-2-768x144.png 768w, https:\/\/www.jrfadda.com\/exams\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Reviews-For-Blogs-updated-2-1536x288.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\" \/><\/a><\/h2>\n<h2><b>Common Mistakes in Logical Reasoning<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Candidates should avoid the following mistakes:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Using outside information<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ignoring important words such as <\/span><b>all, some and no<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Confusing assumptions with conclusions<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Selecting an option based on personal opinion<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Not reading all statements carefully<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Confusing deductive and inductive reasoning<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ignoring the exact relationship between statements<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Spending too much time on one question<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Not practising PYQs<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jrfadda.com\/exams\/ugc-net\/ugc-net-kya-hai\/\"><strong>\u00a0\u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947\u0902 UGC NET \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u2192 UGC NET \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0926\u0947 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<h2><b>UGC NET Logical Reasoning Quick Revision<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Before the exam, revise these important points:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Deductive reasoning:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> General \u2192 Specific<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Inductive reasoning:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Specific \u2192 General<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Premise:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Provides support for a conclusion<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Conclusion:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Derived from premises<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Assumption:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Unstated idea supporting an argument<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Inference:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Conclusion drawn from given information<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Syllogism:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Deductive reasoning using premises and conclusion<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>A proposition:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> All S are P<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>E proposition:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> No S are P<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>I proposition:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Some S are P<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>O proposition:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Some S are not P<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Revise common logical fallacies<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Practise Venn diagrams<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Solve statement and conclusion questions<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Practise PYQs regularly<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Focus on accuracy and speed<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b><a href=\"https:\/\/www.flipkart.com\/ugc-net-general-paper-1-hand-written-book-jrfadda-notes-aditi-ma-m\/p\/itm494f814128b46\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-14809 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/www.jrfadda.com\/exams\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/book-banner-2-28.webp\" alt=\"JRF Adda Book\" width=\"1024\" height=\"341\" \/><\/a><\/b><\/h2>\n<h2><b>Conclusion<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The UGC NET Logical Reasoning section requires the candidates to analyze the structure of arguments, find the relationships between and make conclusions out of the information provided to them. Some of the key topics in this section are deductive and inductive reasoning, arguments, assumptions, conclusions, syllogism, categorical propositions, Venn diagrams, logical fallacies, analogy, classification and inference. The candidates must use the combination of studying the concepts, practicing PYQs and taking mock tests to score well in this section.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>UGC NET Paper 1 Logical Reasoning FAQs<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b><div class=\"cfaq-wrapper\" data-multiple=\"0\"><div class=\"cfaq-item\"><button class=\"cfaq-question\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span class=\"cfaq-question-text\">1. What is Logical Reasoning in UGC NET Paper 1?<\/span><span class=\"cfaq-icon\"><\/span><\/button><div class=\"cfaq-answer\" hidden><div class=\"cfaq-answer-inner\"><div><span style=\"font-size: 12.35px\">Logical Reasoning tests a candidate's ability to understand statements, analyse arguments, identify relationships and reach logical conclusions.<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"cfaq-item\"><button class=\"cfaq-question\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span class=\"cfaq-question-text\">2. Which topics are important for UGC NET Logical Reasoning?<\/span><span class=\"cfaq-icon\"><\/span><\/button><div class=\"cfaq-answer\" hidden><div class=\"cfaq-answer-inner\"><div><span style=\"font-size: 12.35px\">Important topics include arguments, deductive and inductive reasoning, syllogism, statements and conclusions, assumptions, inference, Venn diagrams, logical fallacies, analogy and classification.<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"cfaq-item\"><button class=\"cfaq-question\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span class=\"cfaq-question-text\">3. Are Venn diagrams useful for Logical Reasoning?<\/span><span class=\"cfaq-icon\"><\/span><\/button><div class=\"cfaq-answer\" hidden><div class=\"cfaq-answer-inner\"><div><span style=\"font-size: 12.35px\">Yes. Venn diagrams can help candidates understand relationships between categories and solve syllogism-based questions.<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"cfaq-item\"><button class=\"cfaq-question\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span class=\"cfaq-question-text\">4. How can I prepare Logical Reasoning for UGC NET?<\/span><span class=\"cfaq-icon\"><\/span><\/button><div class=\"cfaq-answer\" hidden><div class=\"cfaq-answer-inner\"><div><span style=\"font-size: 12.35px\">Understand the basic concepts, learn the rules of reasoning, practise different question types, solve PYQs and take timed mock tests.<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"cfaq-item\"><button class=\"cfaq-question\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span class=\"cfaq-question-text\">5. Are PYQs important for UGC NET Logical Reasoning?<\/span><span class=\"cfaq-icon\"><\/span><\/button><div class=\"cfaq-answer\" hidden><div class=\"cfaq-answer-inner\"><div><span style=\"font-size: 12.35px\">Yes. PYQs help candidates understand the question pattern, identify important concepts and improve speed and accuracy.<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/b><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>UGC NET Paper 1 Logical Reasoning is an important topic in UGC NET Paper 1. It tests a candidate\u2019s ability to understand statements, identify relationships, evaluate arguments, recognise patterns and reach logical conclusions. Logical Reasoning questions require clear thinking and careful analysis. Candidates can improve their performance through regular practice of concepts, previous year questions [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":18743,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1529],"tags":[2135,2133,1742,2134],"class_list":["post-18741","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-paper-1","tag-logical-reasoning-notes-for-ugc-net","tag-logical-reasoning-ugc-net","tag-ugc-net-paper-1-logical-reasoning","tag-ugc-net-paper-1-logical-reasoning-notes"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.jrfadda.com\/exams\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18741","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.jrfadda.com\/exams\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.jrfadda.com\/exams\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.jrfadda.com\/exams\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.jrfadda.com\/exams\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18741"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.jrfadda.com\/exams\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18741\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18748,"href":"https:\/\/www.jrfadda.com\/exams\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18741\/revisions\/18748"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.jrfadda.com\/exams\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/18743"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.jrfadda.com\/exams\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18741"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.jrfadda.com\/exams\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18741"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.jrfadda.com\/exams\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18741"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}