{"id":18771,"date":"2026-10-17T17:14:57","date_gmt":"2026-10-17T11:44:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.jrfadda.com\/exams\/?p=18771"},"modified":"2026-10-17T17:14:57","modified_gmt":"2026-10-17T11:44:57","slug":"ugc-net-paper-1-people-development-and-environment-complete-notes-important-topics-pyqs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.jrfadda.com\/exams\/paper-1\/ugc-net-paper-1-people-development-and-environment-complete-notes-important-topics-pyqs\/","title":{"rendered":"UGC NET Paper 1 People, Development and Environment: Complete Notes, Important Topics &amp; PYQs"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Paper 1 People, Development and Environment in UGC NET is an important chapter in UGC NET Paper 1. The chapter comprises concepts regarding population, development, environment, natural resources, pollution, climate change, biodiversity and sustainable development. The questions on this chapter test the candidates\u2019 understanding of the environmental problems, human actions, developmental processes and the interaction between people and natural resources. This article comprises all the essential concepts for preparing the UGC NET People, Development and Environment.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a style=\"display: inline-block;background: #e53935;color: #fff;padding: 12px 28px;border-radius: 6px;text-decoration: none;font-weight: bold\" href=\"https:\/\/www.jrfadda.com\/courses\/ugc-net\">Join UGC NET Online Course \u2013 Click Here<\/a><\/p>\n<h2><b>UGC NET Paper 1 People, Development and Environment<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">In People, Development, and Environment, the main theme revolves around the interaction of people with each other and with the environment within the context of development. The topic includes both environmental and social problems. Candidates should understand the basic concepts and their applications in current environmental and development issues.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Important areas include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Development and environment<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sustainable development<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Human-environment relationship<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Natural resources<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Renewable and non-renewable resources<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Environmental issues<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Pollution<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Climate change<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Global warming<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Biodiversity<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ecosystems<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Environmental protection<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Disaster management<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Environmental laws and agreements<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>UGC NET Paper 1 People, Development and Environment Syllabus<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Important areas for preparation include:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">Click Here\u00a0 &#8211;\u00a0 <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jrfadda.com\/ugc-net-coaching-in-jaipur\">Best UGC NET Coaching in Jaipur and Offline Classes Mock Tests<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Development and environment<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Human-environment relationship<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sustainable development<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Natural resources<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Renewable and non-renewable resources<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Environmental issues<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Pollution<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Air, water and soil pollution<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Waste management<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Climate change<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Global warming<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Biodiversity<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ecosystems<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Environmental protection<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Environmental laws and policies<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">International environmental agreements<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Disaster management<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Human health and environmental issues<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><b>Important Paper 1 People, Development and Environment Topics for UGC NET<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The following are important topics for People, Development and Environment for UGC NET Exam:<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>1. Development and Environment<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Development can be defined as improvements in economic, social, and human situations. But the activities of development have an impact on the environment as well. That is why the development must take into account the environmental protection and future generations&#8217; requirements.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">For example, industrialisation and urbanisation can increase:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Energy consumption<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Resource use<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Waste generation<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Pollution<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Pressure on land and water<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>2. Sustainable Development<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The sustainable development strategy seeks to ensure that current requirements are met without limiting the capacity of future generations to satisfy their needs. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) offer a platform in which social, economic, and environmental issues are addressed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">It focuses on balancing:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Economic development<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Social well-being<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Environmental protection<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><b>Important Principles<\/b><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Conservation of natural resources<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Intergenerational equity<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Efficient resource use<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Environmental protection<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Social inclusion<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>3. Natural Resources<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Natural resources are resources obtained from nature and used by humans.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">They can broadly be classified into renewable and non-renewable resources.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b>Renewable Resources<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">These resources can naturally replenish over time.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Examples:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Solar energy<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Wind energy<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Water<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Forests<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Biomass<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><b>Non-Renewable Resources<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">These resources are available in limited quantities and take very long periods to form.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Examples:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Coal<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Petroleum<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Natural gas<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Minerals<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Renewable vs Non-Renewable Resources<\/b><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Renewable Resources<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Non-Renewable Resources<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Can replenish naturally<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Limited in quantity<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Generally available continuously when managed properly<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Take very long to form<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Solar and wind energy<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Coal and petroleum<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Can support long-term resource use<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Excessive use can lead to depletion<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3><b>4. Water Resources<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Water is essential for human life, agriculture, industry and ecosystems. Water conservation and efficient water management are important for sustainable development.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Major sources include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Rivers<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Lakes<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Groundwater<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Rainfall<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Reservoirs<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Major water-related issues include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Water scarcity<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Groundwater depletion<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Water pollution<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Unequal distribution<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Floods and droughts<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>5. Energy Resources<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Energy resources can also be classified as renewable and non-renewable.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b>Renewable Energy<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Examples:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Solar energy<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Wind energy<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Hydropower<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Geothermal energy<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Biomass energy<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><b>Non-Renewable Energy<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Examples:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Coal<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Petroleum<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Natural gas<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Greater use of renewable energy can help reduce dependence on fossil fuels and lower environmental impacts.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>6. Environmental Pollution<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Pollution refers to the introduction of harmful substances or forms of energy into the environment.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Major types include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Air pollution<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Water pollution<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Soil pollution<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Noise pollution<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Radioactive pollution<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><b>Air Pollution<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Air pollution occurs when harmful gases, particles or other pollutants enter the atmosphere.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Major sources include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Vehicles<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Industries<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Burning of fossil fuels<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Construction activities<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Open burning<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Common air pollutants include particulate matter, carbon monoxide, sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b>Water Pollution<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Water pollution occurs when harmful substances contaminate water bodies.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sources include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Industrial waste<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Domestic sewage<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Agricultural runoff<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Chemicals<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Plastics<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><b>Soil Pollution<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Soil pollution can result from:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Excessive use of chemicals<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Industrial waste<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Pesticides<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Improper disposal of solid waste<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><b>Noise Pollution<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Noise pollution is excessive or unwanted sound that can affect human health and the environment.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Major sources include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Traffic<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Industries<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Construction<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Loudspeakers<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>7. Waste Management<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Waste management involves the collection, treatment, processing, recycling and safe disposal of waste.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Important types include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Solid waste<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Plastic waste<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Biomedical waste<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">E-waste<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Hazardous waste<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><b>Waste Management Hierarchy<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A commonly used approach gives priority to:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Reduce \u2192 Reuse \u2192 Recycle \u2192 Recovery \u2192 Disposal<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Reducing waste generation is generally preferred over disposal.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>8. Climate Change<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Climate change can be defined as any change in temperatures and weather patterns. The contribution of man\u2019s activities towards climate change cannot be undermined as he is largely responsible for climate change at present.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Major concerns include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Rising temperatures<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Changes in rainfall patterns<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Melting of glaciers and ice sheets<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sea-level rise<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Extreme weather events<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Impacts on agriculture and ecosystems<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>9. Global Warming<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Global warming is defined as the sustained rise in the temperature of the earth&#8217;s surface. Global warming is related to the rise in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Important greenhouse gases include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Carbon dioxide<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Methane<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Nitrous oxide<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Water vapour<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Global Warming vs Climate Change<\/b><\/h3>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Global Warming<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Climate Change<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Long-term rise in average temperature<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Broader long-term changes in climate<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">One major component of climate change<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Includes temperature, rainfall and other changes<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Strongly linked to greenhouse gas increase<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Has wider environmental and climatic effects<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><a href=\"https:\/\/share.google\/jZaAXvtuHVuhrOHeu\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-18348\" src=\"https:\/\/www.jrfadda.com\/exams\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Reviews-For-Blogs-updated-2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.jrfadda.com\/exams\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Reviews-For-Blogs-updated-2.png 1600w, https:\/\/www.jrfadda.com\/exams\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Reviews-For-Blogs-updated-2-300x56.png 300w, https:\/\/www.jrfadda.com\/exams\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Reviews-For-Blogs-updated-2-1024x192.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.jrfadda.com\/exams\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Reviews-For-Blogs-updated-2-768x144.png 768w, https:\/\/www.jrfadda.com\/exams\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Reviews-For-Blogs-updated-2-1536x288.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\" \/><\/a><\/h2>\n<h3><b>10. Greenhouse Effect<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Greenhouse effect is a natural process where certain gases present in the atmosphere hold some of the energy radiating from the earth\u2019s surface. Greenhouse effect in its natural form makes the earth habitable. But higher levels of greenhouse gases may enhance the effect.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Greenhouse gases include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Carbon dioxide<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Methane<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Nitrous oxide<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Water vapour<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>11. Biodiversity<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Biodiversity refers to the variety of living organisms and ecosystems.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">It can be understood at three major levels:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Genetic diversity<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Species diversity<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Ecosystem diversity<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h4><b>Importance of Biodiversity<\/b><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Maintains ecosystem stability<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Supports food systems<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Provides natural resources<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Supports livelihoods<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Provides ecosystem services<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Has scientific and cultural value<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Major threats include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Habitat loss<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Pollution<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Climate change<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Overexploitation<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Invasive species<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>12. Ecosystem<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">An ecosystem consists of living organisms and their physical environment interacting with each other.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b>Components<\/b><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Biotic components:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Living organisms such as plants, animals and microorganisms.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Abiotic components:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Non-living factors such as air, water, soil, temperature and sunlight.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><b>Food Chain<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A food chain shows the transfer of energy from one organism to another.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A simple example is:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Plants \u2192 Herbivores \u2192 Carnivores<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Important ecological concepts include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Producers<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Consumers<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Decomposers<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Food chain<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Food web<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ecological pyramid<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>13. Deforestation<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Deforestation refers to the removal or clearing of forests.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Major causes include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Agriculture<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Urbanisation<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Infrastructure development<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Mining<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Industrial activities<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Major effects include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Loss of biodiversity<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Soil erosion<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Habitat destruction<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Changes in the water cycle<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Increased carbon emissions<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Afforestation and sustainable forest management can help address these problems.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>14. Disaster Management<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Disaster management involves measures taken to reduce the impact of disasters and improve preparedness, response and recovery.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Disasters can be:<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b>Natural<\/b><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Earthquakes<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Floods<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cyclones<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Droughts<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Landslides<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><b>Human-Induced<\/b><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Industrial accidents<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Chemical accidents<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Nuclear accidents<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Fires<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Oil spills<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Important stages include:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Mitigation \u2192 Preparedness \u2192 Response \u2192 Recovery<\/b><\/p>\n<h3><b>15. Environmental Protection<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Environmental protection means steps that are taken to preserve natural resources and protect the environment. Along with this, candidates must study important environmental laws of India.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Important approaches include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Pollution control<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Resource conservation<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Waste management<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Biodiversity conservation<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Renewable energy<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Environmental impact assessment<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sustainable development<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>16. International Environmental Agreements<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">International collaboration plays a significant role in solving environmental issues that cross national borders. The candidates must be mindful of the objective and emphasis of key environmental treaties.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Important agreements and frameworks include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Stockholm Conference<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Montreal Protocol<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Kyoto Protocol<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Paris Agreement<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Convention on Biological Diversity<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Important People, Development and Environment Topics<\/b><\/h2>\n<h2><a href=\"https:\/\/play.google.com\/store\/apps\/details?id=com.govtjobs.alertapp&amp;utm_source=blog&amp;utm_medium=website&amp;utm_campaign=app_download\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-14807 \" src=\"https:\/\/www.jrfadda.com\/exams\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/JRF-Adda-in-your-pocket-app-28.webp\" alt=\"App JRF Adda\" width=\"989\" height=\"329\" \/><\/a><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">For quick preparation, candidates should give priority to:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sustainable development<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Natural resources<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Renewable and non-renewable resources<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Pollution<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Waste management<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Climate change<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Global warming<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Greenhouse effect<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Biodiversity<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ecosystem<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Deforestation<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Disaster management<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Environmental protection<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Environmental laws<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">International environmental agreements<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><b>Important Environmental Terms for UGC NET<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Below are some important terms mentioned in the table:<\/span><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Term<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Meaning<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Biodiversity<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Variety of living organisms<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ecosystem<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Interaction between living organisms and their physical environment<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sustainable Development<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Development that considers present and future needs<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Global Warming<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Long-term rise in Earth&#8217;s average temperature<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Climate Change<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Long-term changes in climate patterns<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Greenhouse Effect<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Warming caused by atmospheric gases retaining heat<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Deforestation<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Removal or clearing of forests<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Pollution<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Harmful change or contamination of the environment<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Renewable Resource<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Resource that can naturally replenish<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Non-Renewable Resource<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Resource available in limited quantities<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><b>UGC NET People, Development and Environment PYQs<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Previous year questions help candidates understand the concepts and type of questions asked in UGC NET Paper 1. Candidates should practise questions based on:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sustainable development<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Natural resources<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Pollution<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Climate change<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Biodiversity<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ecosystems<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Environmental agreements<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Disaster management<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>PYQ 1<\/b><\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li><b> Which concept focuses on meeting present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><b>Answer:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Sustainable development.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>PYQ 2<\/b><\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li><b> Which of the following is a renewable source of energy?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><b>Answer:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Solar energy.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>PYQ 3<\/b><\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li><b> Which level of biodiversity refers to variation among different species?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><b>Answer:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Species diversity.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><iframe title=\"UGC NET Paper 1 PDE | In-Situ &amp; Ex-Situ Conservation of Biodiversity | Dec 2026\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/AThjQJ4BJ74?list=PLNEKQLUgrcIDHZs7mecTZA2YT28jc6Yty\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h2><b>How to Prepare People, Development and Environment for UGC NET<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Candidates can follow the steps below to improve their understanding and revision of this unit.<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><b> Understand Basic Concepts: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Start with sustainable development, natural resources, pollution, biodiversity and climate change.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b> Prepare Short Notes: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Make short notes for important environmental terms, classifications, causes, effects and solutions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b> Revise Environmental Agreements: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Learn the basic purpose and focus of important international environmental agreements.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b> Study Pollution and Climate Change: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Focus on types, sources, effects and control measures related to pollution and climate change.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b> Revise Biodiversity and Ecosystems: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Understand biodiversity levels, ecosystem components, food chains and major threats to biodiversity.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b> Study Environmental Issues in India: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Revise important environmental laws, conservation efforts, natural resource issues and major environmental challenges in India.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b> Solve PYQs: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Practise previous year questions to understand the pattern and identify frequently tested concepts.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><b>Common Mistakes in People, Development and Environment<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Candidates should avoid these common mistakes:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Confusing global warming with climate change<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Mixing up renewable and non-renewable resources<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Memorising agreements without knowing their purpose<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Confusing biodiversity levels<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ignoring pollution sources and effects<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Not revising environmental laws<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Skipping disaster management<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Not practising PYQs<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Studying only definitions without understanding relationships between concepts<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>UGC NET People, Development and Environment Quick Revision<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Before the exam, revise these important points:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sustainable development balances economic, social and environmental needs.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Renewable resources can naturally replenish.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Coal and petroleum are non-renewable resources.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Pollution can affect air, water and soil.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Global warming refers to a long-term rise in average temperature.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Climate change includes broader changes in climate patterns.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Biodiversity includes genetic, species and ecosystem diversity.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ecosystems include biotic and abiotic components.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Deforestation can cause habitat loss and biodiversity decline.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Waste management includes reduction, reuse and recycling.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Disaster management includes mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Revise important environmental laws and international agreements.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Practise UGC NET Paper 1 PYQs.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b><a href=\"https:\/\/www.flipkart.com\/ugc-net-general-paper-1-hand-written-book-jrfadda-notes-aditi-ma-m\/p\/itm494f814128b46\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-14809 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/www.jrfadda.com\/exams\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/book-banner-2-28.webp\" alt=\"JRF Adda Book\" width=\"1024\" height=\"341\" \/><\/a><\/b><\/h2>\n<h2><b>Conclusion<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Unit People, Development, and Environment of UGC NET includes some key topics on human development, natural resources, and environment. Aspirants need to cover topics such as sustainable development, pollution, climate change, biodiversity, ecosystem, natural resources, waste management, and disaster management. A mixture of concept-based learning, making of notes, revision of environmental agreements and PYQs can make an aspirant prepare well for this unit in UGC NET Paper 1.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>UGC NET Paper 1 People, Development and Environment FAQs<\/b><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"cfaq-wrapper\" data-multiple=\"0\"><div class=\"cfaq-item\"><button class=\"cfaq-question\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span class=\"cfaq-question-text\">1. What is People, Development and Environment in UGC NET Paper 1?<\/span><span class=\"cfaq-icon\"><\/span><\/button><div class=\"cfaq-answer\" hidden><div class=\"cfaq-answer-inner\"><div><span style=\"font-size: 12.35px\">It is a Paper 1 unit that covers development, human-environment relationships, natural resources, pollution, biodiversity, climate change and environmental protection.<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"cfaq-item\"><button class=\"cfaq-question\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span class=\"cfaq-question-text\">2. Which topics are important for UGC NET People, Development and Environment?<\/span><span class=\"cfaq-icon\"><\/span><\/button><div class=\"cfaq-answer\" hidden><div class=\"cfaq-answer-inner\"><div><span style=\"font-size: 12.35px\">Important topics include sustainable development, natural resources, pollution, climate change, global warming, biodiversity, ecosystems, waste management and environmental agreements.<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"cfaq-item\"><button class=\"cfaq-question\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span class=\"cfaq-question-text\">3. What is sustainable development?<\/span><span class=\"cfaq-icon\"><\/span><\/button><div class=\"cfaq-answer\" hidden><div class=\"cfaq-answer-inner\"><div><span style=\"font-size: 12.35px\">Sustainable development focuses on meeting present needs while considering the needs and resources of future generations.<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"cfaq-item\"><button class=\"cfaq-question\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span class=\"cfaq-question-text\">4. What are the major types of biodiversity?<\/span><span class=\"cfaq-icon\"><\/span><\/button><div class=\"cfaq-answer\" hidden><div class=\"cfaq-answer-inner\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.35px\">The three major levels are genetic diversity, species diversity and ecosystem diversity.<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"cfaq-item\"><button class=\"cfaq-question\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span class=\"cfaq-question-text\">5. How should I prepare People, Development and Environment for UGC NET?<\/span><span class=\"cfaq-icon\"><\/span><\/button><div class=\"cfaq-answer\" hidden><div class=\"cfaq-answer-inner\"><div><span style=\"font-size: 12.35px\">Understand the core concepts, revise important environmental terms and agreements, make short notes, practise PYQs and take mock tests regularly.<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Paper 1 People, Development and Environment in UGC NET is an important chapter in UGC NET Paper 1. The chapter comprises concepts regarding population, development, environment, natural resources, pollution, climate change, biodiversity and sustainable development. The questions on this chapter test the candidates\u2019 understanding of the environmental problems, human actions, developmental processes and the interaction [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":18774,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1529],"tags":[2145,2144],"class_list":["post-18771","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-paper-1","tag-development-and-environment","tag-ugc-net-paper-1-people"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.jrfadda.com\/exams\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18771","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.jrfadda.com\/exams\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.jrfadda.com\/exams\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.jrfadda.com\/exams\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.jrfadda.com\/exams\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18771"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.jrfadda.com\/exams\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18771\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18777,"href":"https:\/\/www.jrfadda.com\/exams\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18771\/revisions\/18777"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.jrfadda.com\/exams\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/18774"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.jrfadda.com\/exams\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18771"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.jrfadda.com\/exams\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18771"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.jrfadda.com\/exams\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18771"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}